at 1050℃~1100℃
表
4 钢管冷弯后热处理
Table 4 Heat Treatment After Cool Bending
of Steel Pipe
钢种或钢号
Steel type or grade
壁厚
Wall thickness
mm
弯曲半径
Bending radius
热处理要求
Requirement for heat treatment
10，
20
≥36
任意
Random
600℃~650℃退火
Annealing at 600℃~650℃
19~36
≤5D0
<19
任意
Random
－
12CrMo
15CrMo
>20
任意
Random
680℃~700℃退火
Annealing at 680℃~700℃
13~20
≤3.5D0
<13
任意
Random
－
12Cr1MoV
>20
任意
Random
720℃~760℃退火
Annealing at 720℃~760℃
13~20
≤3.5D0
<13
任意
Random
－
0Cr18Ni9
Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti
Cr25Ni20
任意
Random
任意
Random
按设计文件要求
In design document
6.1.8 SHA级管道弯制后，应进行磁粉检测或渗透检测。若有缺陷应予以修磨，修磨后的壁厚不得小于管子公称壁厚的
90%，且不得小于设计文件规定的最小壁厚。
6.1.8 After
bending, magnetic-particle inspection or penetration test of SHA level pipeline
shall be carried out. If there is defect, it can be grinded. After that, the
wall thickness can’t be less than 90% of the nominal thickness and min.
thickness in design document.
6.1.9 SHA级管道弯管加工、检测合格后，应填写
SHA级管道弯管加工记录。
6.1.9 After
bending and inspection, Bending record for SHA level pipeline shall be made.
6.1.10 夹套管内的主管必须使用无缝钢管。当主管上有环焊缝时，该焊缝应经
100%射线检测，经试压合格后方可进行隐蔽作业。套管与主管间的间隙应均匀，并按设计文件要求焊接支承块。
6.1.10 Main pipe in sleeve shall be seamless steel pipe. If there is girth
joint on the steel pipe, the joint shall be checked with 100% radial. If it is
qualified, concealed works can be carried out. Gap between sleeve and main pipe
shall be uniform. Rest pad shall be welded according the design document.
6.1.11 检验合格后的管道预制件应有标识，并封闭端口，其内部不得有砂土、铁屑、熔渣及其他杂物，存放时应防止损伤和污染。
6.1.11 Qualified prefabricated pipe shall have mark and be sealed. There
shall be no sand clay, iron chips, slag and other sundries in the pipe. Damage
and pollution of pipeline shall be prevented during storage.
6.1.2 管道采用螺纹法兰连接时，螺纹和密封面的加工、检验应符合设计文件的规定。
6.1.12 If pipes are connected with screwed flange, processing and
inspection of thread and sealing face shall meet the design document.
6.2 管道安装
Installation of pipeline
6.2.1 管道安装前，应逐件清除管道组成件内部的砂土、铁屑、熔渣及其他杂物。设计文件有特殊要求的管道，应按设计文件要求进行处理。
6.2.1
Before installation, sand clay, iron chips, slag and other sundries in the pipe
shall be removed. Special requirement for pipeline in design document shall be
met.
6.2.2 管道上的开孔应在管段安装前完成。当在已安装的管道上开孔时，管内因切割而产生的异物应清除干净。
6.2.2
Tapping of pipeline shall be completed before installation of pipeline. If the
pipeline was installed, foreign bodies caused by cutting shall be removed.
6.2.3 管道安装时，应检查法兰密封面及垫片，不得有影响密封性能的划痕、锈斑等缺陷存在。
6.2.3 When installing pipeline, check sealing face and gasket of flange.
There shall be no scratch and rusty stain that can impact sealing property.
6.2.4 安装前，法兰环槽密封面与金属环垫应作接触线检查。当金属环垫在密封面上转动
45°后，检查接触线不得有间断现象。
6.2.4 Before installation, contact wire of flange’s ring type joint face
and metallic ring gasket shall be checked. After the metallic ring gasket turns
a 40° angle, check whether the contact wire is interrupted.
6.2.5 有拧紧力矩要求的螺栓，应严格按设计文件规定的力矩拧紧。测力扳手应预先经过校验，允许偏差为
±5%。带有测力螺帽的螺栓，必须拧紧到螺帽脱落。
6.2.5
Bolt shall be screwed down with force moment specified in design document, if
any. Torque-indicating wrench shall be checked before use. Allowable deviation
is ±5%. Bolt with force measuring nut shall be screwed down till the screw cap
is fell off.
6.2.6 流量孔板上、下游直管的长度应符合设计文件要求，且在此范围内的焊缝内表面应与管道内表面平齐。
6.2.6
Lengths of straight pipes at upper and lower reaches of flow orifice plate
shall meet the design document. Inner face of weld joints in the range shall be
equal to inner face of pipeline.
6.2.7 温度计套管及其他插入件的安装方向与长度，应符合
SH 3521的规定。
6.2.7 Installation
direction and length of thermowell and other inserts shall meet SH 3521.
6.2.8 连接法兰的螺栓应能在螺栓孔中顺利通过。法兰密封面间的平行偏差及间距，应符合表
5的规定。
6.2.8
Bolt connection of flange shall be able to pass through the bolt hole smoothly.
Parallel deviation and distance between sealing faces of flange shall meet
table 5.
表
5 法兰密封面间的平行偏差及间距 单位：
mm
Table 5
Parallel Deviation and Distance Between Sealing Faces of Flange Unit: mm
管道级别
Pipe level
平 行 偏 差
Parallel deviation
间 距
Distance
DN≤300
DN＞
300
SHA
≤0.4
≤0.7
垫片厚
+1.5
Thickness of gasket+1.5
SHB、
SHC、
SHD
≤0.6
≤1.0
垫片厚
+2.0
Thickness of gasket+2.0
6.2.9 与转动机器以下简称机器连接的管道，宜从机器侧开始安装，并应先安装管支架。管道和阀门等的重量和附加力矩不得作用在机器上。管道的水平度或垂直度偏差应小于
1 mm/m。气体压缩机入口管道因水平偏差造成的坡度，应坡向分液罐一侧。
6.2.9 Pipeline
to be connected with rotary machine hereinafter referred to as machine shall be
installed from the machine side. Support of pipeline shall be firstly
installed. Weight and additional moment of pipeline and valve can’t act on the
machine. Deviation of levelness or verticality of pipeline can’t exceed 1mm/m. The gradient formed at inlet pipe to
gas compressor as a result of horizontal deviation shall decline towards liquid
separation tank.
6.2.10 与机器连接的管道及其支、吊架安装完毕后，应卸下接管上的法兰螺栓，在自由状态下所有螺栓应能在螺栓孔中顺利通过。法兰密封面间的平行偏差、径向偏差及间距，当设计或制造厂未规定时，不应超过表
6的规定值。
6.2.10 After installation of pipeline, support and hanger on the machine,
flange bolt on connector shall be removed. All bolts shall be able to naturally
pass through the bolt hole smoothly. Parallel deviation, radial deviation and
distance between sealing faces of flange can’t exceed the values in table 6 if
there is no specification in design document or by the manufacturer.
表
6 法兰密封面平行偏差、径向偏差及间距
Table 6
Parallel Deviation, Radial Deviation and Distance Between Sealing Faces
of Flange
6.2.11 机器试车前，应对管道与机器的连接法兰进行最终连接检查。检查时，在联轴器上架设百分表监视位移，然后松开和拧紧法兰连接螺栓进行观测，其位移应符合下列规定：
6.2.11 Before commissioning of machine, flange connecting pipe and machine
shall be checked. Dial indicator shall be erected on shaft coupling to monitor
the displacement. Loosen and tighten joint bolt of flange to observe its
displacement. The displacement shall meet following specifications:
a 当转速大于
6000 r/min时，位移值应小于
0.02mm；
a When
rotary speed is larger than 6000 r/min, the displacement shall be less than
0.02mm;
b 当转速小于或等于
6000 r/min时，位移值应小于
0.05mm。
b
When rotary speed is less than or equal to 6000 r/min, the displacement shall
be less than 0.05mm.
6.2.12 管道系统试运行时，高温或低温管道的连接螺栓，应按下列规定进行热态紧固或冷态紧固：
6.2.12 During commissioning of piping, thermal state fastening or cold
state fastening of joint bolt of high-temperature or low-temperature pipeline
shall meet the following specifications.
a 螺栓热态紧固或冷态紧固作业的温度应符合表
7的规定；
a Working temperature for thermal state
fastening or cold state fastening of bolt shall meet specifications in table 7:
表
7 螺栓热态紧固、冷态紧固作业温度 单位：
℃
ii. Table 7 Working Temperature for Thermal
State Fastening or Cold State Fastening of Bolt
iii. Unit: ℃
工作温度
Working temperature
一次热紧、冷紧温度
Temperature
for primary thermal state fastening, cold state fastening
二次热紧、冷紧温度
Temperature
for secondary thermal state fastening, cold state fastening
250~350
工作温度
Working temperature
－
>350
350
工作温度
Working temperature
-70~-29
工作温度
Working temperature
－
<-70
-70
工作温度
Working temperature
b 热态紧固或冷态紧固应在紧固作业温度保持
2h后进行；
b Thermal state fastening or cold state
fastening shall be carried out after the fastening temperature has being kept
for 2h.
c 紧固管道连接螺栓时，管道的最大内压力应符合下列规定：
c When
fastening joint bolt of pipeline, max. internal pressure of pipeline shall meet
the following specification:
1 当设计压力小于
6MPa时，热态紧固的最大内压力应小于
0.3MPa；
1 When design pressure is less than 6MPa,
max. internal pressure of thermal state fastening shall be less than 0.3MPa.
2 当设计压力大于
6MPa时，热态紧固的最大内压力应小于
0.5MPa；
2 When
design pressure is larger than 6MPa, max. internal pressure of thermal state
fastening shall be less than 0.5MPa.
3 冷态紧固应在卸压后进行；
3 Cold state fastening should be done after
depressurizing;
d 螺栓紧固应有保障操作人员的技术措施。
d Protective
measures shall be taken during fastening of bolt.
6.2.13 有静电接地要求的管道，各段间应导电良好。当每对法兰或螺纹接头间电阻值大于
0.03Ω时，应有导线跨接。
6.2.13 For pipeline to be provided with static earthing, its each section
shall have satisfactory electric conductivity. When resistance between each
pair of flanges or screwed connections is larger than 0.03Ω, additional
conductors shall be attached for cross connection.
6.2.14 管道系统静电接地引线，宜采用焊接形式。对地电阻值及接地位置应符合设计文件要求。
6.2.14 Static
earthing lead of piping shall be welded. Its resistance to ground and earthing
position shall meet the design document.
6.2.15 用作静电接地的材料或零件，安装前不得刷油。导电接触面必须除锈并连接可靠。
6.2.15 Material
or part for static earthing can’t be painted with oil before installation.
Current conducting interface must be derusted and stably connected.
6.2.16 有静电接地要求的不锈钢管道，导线跨接或接地引线应采用不锈钢板过渡，不得与不锈钢管直接连接。
6.2.16 For
stainless steel pipeline to be provided with static earthing, stainless steel
plate shall be used to connect conducting wire or earth lead with the pipeline.
Can’t directly connect the wire with the pipeline.
6.2.17 管道的静电接地安装完毕测试合格后，应及时填写管道静电接地测试记录。
6.2.17 After the pipeline is properly provided with static earthing, static
earthing test record shall be made.
6.2.18 管道安装时，应同时进行支、吊架的固定和调整工作。支、吊架位置应正确，安装应牢固，管子和支承面接触应良好。
6.2.18 During installation of pipeline, fixing and adjustment of support
and hanger shall be carried out at the same time. Support and hanger shall be
properly installed and fixed. Bearing surface shall properly contact with the
pipeline.
6.2.19 无热位移管道的管道吊架，其吊杆应垂直安装。有热位移管道的管道吊架，其吊点应在位移相反方向，按位移值的
1/2偏位安装。
6.2.19 Suspender of pipeline’s hanger without thermal walking shall be
vertical. Suspender of pipeline’s hanger with thermal walking shall be
installed at the position that is 1/2 displacement away form the suspension
center.
6.2.20 固定支架和限位支架应严格按设计文件要求安装。固定支架应在补偿装置预拉伸或预压缩前固定。
6.2.20 Steady rest and limit support shall be installed strictly according
to design document. Steady rest shall be fixed before prestretching or
precompression of compensating device.
6.2.21 导向支架或滑动支架的滑动面应洁净平整、不得有歪斜和卡涩现象，且隔热层不得妨碍其位移。
6.2.21 Slide surface of guide support or sliding support shall be clean
and even without skewness or lock. The thermal insulating layer can’t impact
its displacement.
6.2.22 弹簧支、吊架的弹簧安装高度，应按设计文件规定进行调整。弹簧支架的限位板，应在试车前拆除。
6.2.22 Installation height of spring of spring support and hanger shall be
adjusted according to the design document. Limit plate of spring support shall
be removed before commissioning.
6.2.23 弹簧支、吊架时，焊缝不得有漏焊、裂纹、高度和长度不够等缺陷。支架与管道焊接时，管子表面不得有咬边现象。
6.2.23 When welding support and hanger, omission of welding, crack on weld
joint, insufficient height and length are forbidden. When welding support with
pipeline, surface of pipeline shall be free of undercut.
6.2.24 管道安装时，不宜使用临时支、吊架。当使用临时支、吊架时，不得将其焊在管道上。在管道安装完毕后，应及时更换成正式支、吊架。
6.2.24 Temporary
support and hanger may not be used during installation of pipeline. If they are
used, they can’t be welded to the pipeline. After installation of pipeline, the
temporary support and hanger shall be replaced with formal support and hanger.
6.2.25 管道安装完毕后，应按设计文件逐个核对、确认支、吊架的形式和位置。
6.2.25 After installation of pipeline, form and position of each support and
hanger shall be checked and approved.
6.2.26 “II”形补偿器安装，应按设计文件规定进行预拉伸或预压缩，允许偏差为预伸缩量的
10%，且不大于
10mm。
6.2.26 Before installation of ∏ type compensator, prestretching or
precompression of compensator shall be carried out according to the design
document. Allowable deviation is 10% of pre- stretch magnitude and not longer
than 10mm.
“II”形补偿器水平安装时，平行臂应与管道坡度相同，垂直臂应呈水平状态。
If ∏ type
compensator is installed in horizontal direction, grade of parallel arm shall
be the same with that of pipeline. Vertical arm shall be in horizontality.
6.2.27 波形补偿器安装应按下列要求进行：
6.2.27 Requirements for installation of waveform compensator:
a 按设计文件规定进行预拉伸或预压缩，受力应均匀；
Prestretching or precompression of
compensator shall be carried out according to the design document. Stress shall
be uniform.
b 波形补偿器内套有焊缝的一端，在水平管道上应位于介质流入端，在垂直管道上应置于上部；
Waveform compensator’s one end having weld
joint shall be at inflow end of parallel pipeline and upper part of vertical
pipeline.
c 波形补偿器应与管道保持同轴，不得偏斜；
Waveform compensator and pipeline shall be
dead in line without skewness.
d 波形补偿器预拉伸或预压缩合格后，应设临时约束装置将其固定，待管道负荷运行前，再拆除临时约束装置。
After appropriate prestretching or
precompression of waveform compensator, temporary restraint device shall be set
to fix the compensator. The device will be removed before loading operation of
pipeline.
6.2.28 管道补偿器安装调试合格后，应做好安装记录。
6.2.28 After
installation, commissioning and inspection of compensator, installation record
shall be made.
7 管道焊接
Welding of pipeline
7.1 一般规定
General specifications
7.1.1 施焊前，应根据焊接工艺评定报告编制焊接作业指导书。焊工应按指定的焊接作业指导书施焊。
7.1.1 Welding
operation instruction shall be compiled according to welding procedure
qualification report before welding. The welder shall operate according to the
instruction.
7.1.2 焊接材料应具有产品质量证明文件，且实物与证书上的批号相符。外观检查时，焊条的药皮不得有受潮、脱落或明显裂纹。焊丝在使用前应清除其表面的油污、锈蚀等。
焊条应按说明书或焊接作业指导书的要求进行烘烤，并在使用过程中保持干燥。
出厂期超过一年的焊条，应进行焊条焊接工艺性能试验，合格后方可使用。
7.1.2
Welding materials shall have certificate of qualification. Lot number on
material package shall conform to the certificate. Coating of electrode can’t
be affected with damp, fall off or have clear crack. Oil stain and rust stain
on welding wire shall be removed.
Electrode shall be baked according to the
product instruction or welding operation instruction. It shall be dry during
use.
Electrode whose ex-works date exceeds one
year shall be tested with welding performance. Qualified electrode can be used.
7.1.3 焊接环境温度低于下列要求时，应采取提高焊接环境温度的措施：
7.1.3
When ambient temperatures are less than following values, measures for increase
of temperature shall be taken:
a 非合金钢焊接，不低于
-20℃；
b 低合金钢焊接，不低于
-10℃；
c 奥
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