EMF检测简介和标准

欧盟是中国最大的贸易伙伴，有为数众多的中国企业将产品销往欧洲市场。根据欧盟的市场准入规则，CE标志是必须的，对于电子产品而言，欧盟指令主要包括了EMC指令(Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive)和LVD指令(the Low Voltage Directive)。但是其中的EMF (The effects of electromagnetic fields)标准并不为很多厂家所知，本文的目的就是逐一简述其中的常用标准和应用范围。

    EMF标准的制定可以源于1999年通过的欧盟指令1999/519/EC，其主要目的是保护暴露在电磁环境下的公共人身安全。此后的新指令2004/40/EC，主要为防范工作环境中的电磁辐射照射。虽然这并不是CE标志强制的指令，但却是欧盟职业健康安全规范的一部分，为欧洲许多企业所重视。

   实际上，在R&TTE指令(The Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment Directive)和LVD指令中都包含了人体暴露在危险电磁环境下的安全标准，主要包括以下几个标准:

? EN 50360:2001   Product Standard to Demonstrate the Compliance of Mobile Phones with the Basic Restrictions Related to Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (300 MHz–3 GHz).

?EN 50366:2003    Household and Similar Electrical Appliances - Electromagnetic Fields–Methods for Evaluation and Measurement.

? EN 50371:2002   Generic Standard to Demonstrate the Compliance of Low–Power Electronic and Electrical Apparatus with the Basic Restrictions Related to Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (10 MHz–300 GHz) –General Public.

? EN 50364: 2001  Limitation of Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Devices Operating in the Frequency Range 0 Hz–10 GHz, Used in Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS), Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID), and Similar Applications.

? EN 50385:2002   Product Standard to Demonstrate the Compliance of Radio Base Stations and Fixed Terminal Stations for Wireless Telecommunication Systems with the Basic Restrictions or the Reference Levels Related to Human Exposure to Radio–Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (110 MHz–40 GHz) –General Public.