广东火山岩滤料是天然多孔火山岩矿石，经过选矿、破碎、筛分、研磨等一系列工艺加工而成的粒状滤料，其主要成份为硅、铝、钙、钠、镁、钛、锰、铁、镍、钴和钼等几十种矿物质和微量元素，表观为不规则颗粒，颜色为红黑褐色，多孔质轻，颗粒粒径可根据不同要求生产。高效挂膜轻质滤料在物理围观结构方面表现为表面粗糙多微孔，这些特点特别适用于微生物在其表面生长、繁殖，形成生物膜。
 二、物理结构特点：
广东火山岩生物滤料在物理微观结构方面表现为：表面粗糙多微孔，这些特点特别适合于微生物在其表面生长、繁殖，形成生物膜。火山岩滤料使曝气生物滤池不仅能处理市政污水，以及可生化的有机工业废水、生活排水、微污染水源水等，也可在给水处理中取代石英砂、活性炭、无烟煤等用作过滤介质，同时还可对已经过污水处理厂二级处理工艺后的尾水做深度处理，其处理出水达回用水标准后可作中水回用。
 三、化学结构特点： 
广东火山岩生物滤料在化学微观结构方面表现为：
1、微生物化学稳定性：广东火山岩生物滤料抗腐蚀，具有惰性，在环境中不参与生物膜的生物化学反应。
2、表面电性与亲水性：火山岩生物滤料表面带有正电荷，有利于微生物固着生长，亲水性强，附着的生物膜量多且速度快。
3、对生物膜活性的影响方面：作为生物膜载体，火山岩生物滤料对所固定的微生物无害、无抑制性作用，实践证明不影响微生物的活性。
 四、水力学方面特点：
火山岩生物滤料在水力学方面表现为：
1、空隙率：内外平均孔隙率在40%左右，对水的阻力小，同时与同类滤料相比，所需滤料量少，同样能达到预期过滤目标。
2、比表面积：比表面积大、开孔率高且惰性，有利于微生物的接触挂膜和生长，保持较多的微生物量，有利于微生物代谢过程中所需的氧气与营养物质及代谢产生的废物的传质过程。
3、滤料形状与水的流态：由于广东火山岩生物滤料是无尖粒状，且孔径大多数比陶粒要大，所以在使用时对水流的阻力小，节省能耗。
 五、广东火山岩生物滤料各项物理性能测试平均参数如下：

六、火山岩生物滤料主要化学成份：

Volcanic filter material is natural porous volcanic rock ore, after dressing, crushing, screening, grinding and so on a series of processing technology from the granular filter material, its main ingredients for silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, sodium, titanium, manganese and iron, nickel, cobalt and molybdenum kinds of minerals and trace elements, apparent for irregular grain, color is red brown and black, porous qualitative light, particle size according to different requirements.

Second, physical structure features:

Volcanic rocks in the physical micro filter materials, biological structure performance: rough surface more micro hole, these characteristics particularly suitable for microbes in their surface growth, reproduction, forming a biological membrane. Volcanic filter material make biological aerated filters can not only deal with municipal sewage, and the industrial wastewater biochemical organic, slightly polluted water drainage, life such as water, also can be in water treatment instead of quartz sand, activated carbon, anthracite, used as the filter medium, and can also to have been sewage treatment plant level 2 treatment process the water depth after do processing, the processing of water to water standard to water reuse.

Three, chemical structure features:

Volcanic biological filter material in chemical microstructure showed for:

1, microbial chemistry stability: volcanic biological filter material corrosion, with inert in the environment does not participate in biological membrane biological chemical reaction.

2, surface electrical and hydrophilic: volcanic biological filter material surface has positive charge, which is beneficial to the microbial a solid growth, hydrophilic strong, attached to the biological membrane quantity is much and speed.

3 and biological activity of the influence of: as a biological film carrier, and volcanic rocks of biological filter material fixed microbial harmless, no inhibitory effect, practice proved not affect the activity of microorganism.

Four, hydraulic characteristics:

Volcanic biological filter material performance in hydraulics for:

1, pore ratio: inside and outside pore rate at about 40% on average, water resistance small, at the same time, compared with the similar filter material, the filter feed less, also can achieve expected filtering targets.

2, specific surface area, high spicific surface, opening rate high and inert, be helpful for microbes hang membrane and contact growth, and maintain more microbial biomass, be helpful for microbial metabolism process of oxygen and nutrients needed and metabolism of the waste generated mass transfer process.

3 filter materials, shape and water flow pattern: because the volcanic biological filter material is without pointed granular, and aperture than most big taoli, so when use to the flow of the small resistance, saving energy consumption.